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languages\",\"IA\":{\"IndexLength\":45,\"InvertedIndex\":{\"Context-oriented\":[0],\"programming\":[1],\"(COP)\":[2],\"extensions\":[3],\"have\":[4],\"been\":[5],\"implemented\":[6],\"for\":[7],\"several\":[8],\"languages.\":[9],\"Each\":[10],\"concrete\":[11],\"language\":[12],\"design\":[13],\"and\":[14,41],\"implementation\":[15],\"comes\":[16],\"with\":[17],\"different\":[18],\"variations\":[19],\"of\":[20,23,34],\"the\":[21,24],\"features\":[22],\"COP\":[25,36],\"paradigm.\":[26],\"In\":[27],\"this\":[28],\"paper,\":[29],\"we\":[30],\"provide\":[31],\"a\":[32],\"comparison\":[33],\"eleven\":[35],\"implementations,\":[37],\"discuss\":[38],\"their\":[39,43],\"designs,\":[40],\"evaluate\":[42],\"performance.\":[44]}},\"S\":[{\"Ty\":3,\"U\":\"http://soft.vub.ac.be/cop09/papers/a6-appeltauer.pdf\"},{\"Ty\":3,\"U\":\"http://www.hirschfeld.org/writings/media/AppeltauerHirschfeldHauptLinckePerscheid_2009_AComparisonOfContextOrientedProgrammingLanguages_AcmDL.pdf\"},{\"Ty\":3,\"U\":\"http://www.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/hirschfeld/publications/media/AppeltauerHirschfeldHauptLinckePerscheid_2009_AComparisonOfContextOrientedProgrammingLanguages_AcmDL.pdf\"},{\"Ty\":1,\"U\":\"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1562118\"},{\"Ty\":0,\"U\":\"http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1562118\"}],\"VFN\":\"International Workshop on Context-Oriented Programming\",\"FP\":6,\"DOI\":\"10.1145/1562112.1562118\",\"CC\":{\"1501829296\":[\"It serves the purpose of demonstrating the applicability of a machine model and semantics for multi-dimensional separation of concerns [8] to COP.\"],\"1556513858\":[\"gramming languages were developed, namely ContextS [9] for Smalltalk, ContextR [15] for Ruby, ContextJS for JavaScript, ContextPy [16] and PyContext [17] for Python, and ContextG for Groovy.\"],\"1597389001\":[\"It is implemented as an aspect-oriented precompiler based on the LogicAJ [12] aspect language and provides a more convenient syntax than ContextJ*.\"],\"1992443356\":[\"ContextL [4,5] was the first COP extension to a programming language.\"],\"2014881790\":[\"The cj prototype [13, 14] is an implementation of a minimal subset of ContextJ.\"],\"2075642720\":[\"programming [3], and context-oriented programming (COP)\"],\"2087175184\":[\"gramming languages were developed, namely ContextS [9] for Smalltalk, ContextR [15] for Ruby, ContextJS for JavaScript, ContextPy [16] and PyContext [17] for Python, and ContextG for Groovy.\",\"PyContext [17] suggests the concepts of dynamic variables [7] and implicit layer activation.\"],\"2089889705\":[\"Aside from these dynamic languages, three COP extensions to the Java programming language exist, namely ContextJ [ 1 ], ContextJ* [10], and ContextLogicAJ [2].\\u001bThe rst ideas about a ContextJ language were presented in [5]; a language specication and compiler-based implementation of ContextJ is provided by [ 1 ].\"],\"2097664691\":[\"The cj prototype [13, 14] is an implementation of a minimal subset of ContextJ.\"],\"2115607078\":[\"Another approach to context-orientation is Ambience and its underlying Ambient Object System [6] that is based on Common Lisp.\"],\"2115899208\":[\"Aside from these dynamic languages, three COP extensions to the Java programming language exist, namely ContextJ [1], ContextJ* [10], and ContextLogicAJ [2].\"],\"2138363365\":[\"The separation of cross-cutting concerns is an issue that is considered by several programming language paradigms, such as aspect-oriented programming [ 11 ], feature-oriented programming [3], and context-oriented programming (COP) [10].\"],\"2143238865\":[\"The separation of cross-cutting concerns is an issue that is considered by several programming language paradigms, such as aspect-oriented programming [11], feature-oriented programming [3], and context-oriented programming (COP) [10].\"],\"2150275961\":[\"[10].\",\"For a detailed description of the concepts of COP, we refer to [10]; Section 2.\",\"Aside from these dynamic languages, three COP extensions to the Java programming language exist, namely ContextJ [1], ContextJ* [10], and ContextLogicAJ [2].\"],\"2154597770\":[\"ContextL [4,5] was the first COP extension to a programming language.\",\"The first ideas about a ContextJ language were presented in [5]; a language specification and compiler-based 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scopingmechanisms described in the literature, such as implicit layer activation [39] or Classboxes [10].\"],\"2014309790\":[\"Our first example is an adaptation of a xUnit-like test runner2 [9].\"],\"2014881790\":[\"A minimal subset of ContextJ, cj, is implemented for the delMDSOC kernel [31].\"],\"2065646798\":[\"For a comparison of AOP and COP as appropriate representation of behavioral variations, we distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous crosscutting concerns [1].\",\"AOP implementations of heterogeneous crosscuts tend to be less understandable to developers than layer-based implementations [1], since they have to mimic COP behavior using pointcuts with dynamic conditions and advice that are complex and fragile for changes.\"],\"2111898165\":[\"Modularization approaches such as traits [34,14] andmixins [11] allow for an additional inheritance relationship next to the class hierarchy, but do not offer dynamic adaptation like layers.\"],\"2154597770\":[\"ContextL [12,13], 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[20].\",\"Therefore Lively Wiki’s development environment extends the Lively Kernel tooling with a system browser for viewing and manipulating all source code, a debugger-like stack viewer (using Lively Kernels shadow stack feature [20]), and a test framework.\"],\"1585360772\":[\"Having several entry points to worlds in a wiki can be useful [23].\",\"Wikis [23, 7] are one of the oldest of the Web application types that allow users to change Web content.\",\"Wikis have an extensible set of pages whose content and organization can be changed by users [23].\"],\"1587166076\":[\"In comparison, non Web-based development and authoring environments like HyperCard [3, 15] and Smalltalk programming environments [13], especially Squeak [19], make it easy to create these kind of applications due to their graphical and flexible UIs, uncomplicated programming interfaces, and direct development models.\",\"The three-structured display allows navigating and visualizing the structure of code similar to the original Smalltalk-80 class browser [13].\"],\"1649645444\":[\"Additionally there is the inherent multi-tier architecture which forces a conceptual separation into a presentation layer and domain/backup layer (server), resulting in complex software architectures using the Model-View-Controller [11] or Model-View-Presenter [10] design pattern even for simple applications.\"],\"1909822857\":[\"Client side Web development is emerging as a new field of software engineering empowering users to create applications by using nothing else than a Web browser [35].\",\"The Lively Kernel is a client side platform for Web application development running in modern Web browsers without installation and is implemented entirely in JavaScript [20, 35].\"],\"1964757858\":[\"Morphic is a user interface construction environment [27, 26].\"],\"1979817550\":[\"This paradigm shift towards Web-based software seems to continue [36, 34] and there are good reasons.\",\"server-hosted hypertext and the 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different technologies at once [12, 39]: (X)HTML, XML, Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript and the Document Object Model (DOM) interface, PHP, ASP, Java or another programming language for server side programming.\"],\"2042616792\":[\"• Programming systems implemented as Web browser extensions [6] allow to define and execute actions on DOM elements\"],\"2070502162\":[\"This allows users to deal directly with classes, methods, and functions, thereby making code reading and writing much easier as well as forcing programmers to write clean and structured code [14].\"],\"2072735997\":[\"wikis have become popular [25, 40] and are used in corporate, academic, and personal contexts [38].\"],\"2095613194\":[\"Articles would not just have a static form but combine text with non-linear complex systems into Active Essays as described by Kay [21, 44].\",\"• Active Web Essays [44] bring the authoring of Active Essays [21] to the Web\",\"Active Web Essays such as Chalkboard [44] are based on the Active Essay concept [21].\"],\"2101876886\":[\"We started to integrate visual data-flow programming tools [24] into the wiki for simplifying application development.\"],\"2110464036\":[\"Currently the browser is able to display source code of plain JavaScript les, Lively Kernel’s lkml denitions, and OMeta grammars [ 41 ].\\u001bThe SystemBrowser uses OMeta [ 41 ] to parse JavaScript sources.\"],\"2111092718\":[\"Additionally to reported use cases for End-user Web development [31, 4] we can imagine several other examples for using programming capabilities in the Web.\",\"It was argued that end-users need robust and constrained environments in order to create productive results [4].\",\"Application Wikis [4, 33] extend normal wikis with lightweight programming features for the creation of ad-hoc dynamic content.\",\"This approach, however, is restricting because language constructs are often domain specific (like in [4]) and users are bound to the form of writing code in or inside 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objects.\"],\"2084944215\":[\"A representative example is Scratch [13], a multimedia tile scripting programming environment for children that evolved from the Squeak Etoys work.\"],\"2098417174\":[\"A good example of this is our integration of Protovis [1].\",\"org server, process it, and display the data using a Protovis [1] diagram.\"],\"2104594675\":[\"js work [17].\",\"We use a server [17] to run JavaScript code sent from a client in our environment.\"],\"2166901142\":[\"This capability was further amplified by a client-side Wiki [10] that allowed worlds to be stored into an SVN repository, thus making it easy to share projects, and to retrieve or revert to old versions whenever desired.\",\"We then moved from editing JavaScript source files in external editors to editing modules and classes from within Lively [10] as seen in Figure 3.\"],\"2405925861\":[\"The SuperSwiki [14] allows users to share Squeak Etoy [9] projects over the 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environments such as Smalltalk [6], Self [18], Emacs [17], Squeak [9], and Lively Kernel [10] are systems where developers can evolve their environment while they are using it.\"],\"1964757858\":[\"but a domain-specific scoping mechanism introduced by the Morphic [15] framework used for Lively Kernel.\"],\"1978875190\":[\"In the following examples, we use ContextJS [12, 13, 11], our library-based COP extension to JavaScript.\",\"Other scoping mechanisms such object specific and structural scoping [12] are better suited to activate the new behavior.\"],\"1992443356\":[\"We used context-oriented programming [3, 7] as an approach for scoping behavioral adaptations at run-time.\"],\"2032415879\":[\"The problem of breaking tools during the development of interface code was explicitly mentioned as an application of perspectives in the subjective programming language Us [16].\"],\"2045723688\":[\"Self-supporting development environments such as Smalltalk [6], Self [18], Emacs [17], Squeak [9], and Lively Kernel [10] are systems where developers can evolve their environment while they are using it.\",\"Us changes message passing of Self [18] to incorporate perspectives on layers.\"],\"2053452086\":[\"In the following examples, we use ContextJS [12, 13, 11], our library-based COP extension to JavaScript.\"],\"2144114063\":[\"For an overview of existing COP implementation in various languages see [1].\"],\"2150275961\":[\"We used context-oriented programming [3, 7] as an approach for scoping behavioral adaptations at run-time.\"],\"2782959840\":[\"ContextJS is a JavaScript library and implemented with method wrappers 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the wiki principle that everyone can change anything but malicious changes can be undone [13].\"],\"2045723688\":[\"Self [21] explored this unification of state and behavior many years ago and our implementation language JavaScript builds on the same underlying concepts.\"],\"2058206062\":[\"A good description of adapting tools at runtime gives Martin Fowler in his personal summary of the gotoArhus2011 conference about a presentation of the Moose Software visualization tool [2] by Tudor Gı̂rba [5], in which he adapted the visualization tool at runtime:\"],\"2059818757\":[\"They propose to debug small problems directly in the world and when bigger problems occur, they debug the default world from a special debugging world [19].\"],\"2067700994\":[\"Objects in Self can be transported from one Self world to another [20], but Self does not come with shared repositories of objects.\"],\"2103211722\":[\"We showed in previous work [12] how layers of context-oriented programming (COP) [7, 1] 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